Most Cited Article: Liver Stem Cells: From Preface to Advancements

Liver Stem Cells: From Preface to Advancements

Author(s):

Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Javed Iqbal, Nureen Zahra and Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash   Pages 10 - 21 ( 12 )

Abstract:

Liver is a major metabolic organ of the body and is known to comprise of two epithelial cell lineages, namely, hepatocytes and cholangiocytes which are known to originate from hepatoblasts during fetal developing stages. Upon acute injury, the hepatocytes and cholangiocytes undergo cellular division to compensate the loss, however, chronic damage may suppress this proliferative ability and as a consequence hepatic and extra-hepatic stem cells may contribute for liver regeneration. Facultative liver stem cells (oval cells) may emerge, proliferate and contribute in replacing damaged hepatic cells. Similarly, bone marrow and mesenchymal stem cells are also known for contributing in liver regeneration having their ability of self renewal and differentiation. However, a closer look is still required to bridge the existing knowledge gaps between functionality and limitations. Thereby, we have discussed the detailed mechanistic insights of both hepatic and extra-hepatic stem cells including, stem/progenitor cells, adult/fetal hepatocytes, oval cells, bone marrow and mesenchymal stem cells. We have also focused on few in vitro and in vivo studies elucidating therapeutic applications and challenges related to the liver stem cells. We believe that such conversations may provide invaluable contribution for realistic advancement in the state of therapeutic stem-cell transplantation.

Keywords:

Bioartificial liver, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatocytes, oval cells, stem/progenitor cells.

Affiliation:

Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemical Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China and College of Pharmacy, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

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Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Volume 11 - Number 8

Contents

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Volume 11 - Number 8

Meet Our Editorial Board Member

, 11(8): 603

Mickie Bhatia.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X1108161010202907

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Editorial (Thematic Issue: New Approaches in Stem Cell Technology and Innovative Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine)

, 11(8):604

Loredana De Bartolo.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X1108161010203138

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Nano-Engineered Environment for Nerve Regeneration: Scaffolds, Functional Molecules and Stem Cells

, 11(8): 605 - 617

Liumin He, Lingling Tian, Yuqiao Sun, Yongnu Zhang, Wei Xue, Kwok-Fai So, Seeram Ramakrishna and Wutian Wu.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X10666151001114735

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Exploiting Stem Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions for Cartilage Regeneration: A Focus on Basement Membrane Molecules

, 11(8): 618 - 625

Wei Seong Toh, Casper Bindzus Foldager, James Hoi Po Hui, Bjorn Reino Olsen and Myron Spector.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X10666150723150525

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Osteoclasts and Remodeling Based Bone Formation

, 11(8): 626 - 633

Elina Kylmaoja, Miho Nakamura and Juha Tuukkanen.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X10666151019115724

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Umbilical Cord is a Rich Source of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Cell Therapy

, 11(8): 634 - 642

Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue and Takeo Mukai.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X10666151026115017

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Comparative Assessment of Cultures from Oral and Urethral Stem Cells for Urethral Regeneration

, 11(8): 643 - 651

Francesca Corradini, Michela Zattoni, Guido Barbagli, Giampaolo Bianchi, Michael Giovanardi, Chiava Serafini, Vicenzo G. Genna, Anna Ribbene, Sofia Balò,Francesco Fidanza, Massimo Lazzeri, Michele De Luca and Graziella Pellegrini.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X10666150902094644

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Filling the Gaps between the In Vivo and In Vitro Microenvironment: Engineering of Spheroids for Stem Cell Technology

, 11(8): 652 - 665

Carmine Gentile.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X10666151001114848

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The Use of Mathematical Modelling for Improving the Tissue Engineering of Organs and Stem Cell Therapy

, 11(8): 666 - 675

Greg Lemon, Sebastian Sjoqvist, Mei Ling Lim, Neus Feliu, Alexandra B. Firsova, Risul Amin, Ylva Gustafsson, Annika Stuewer, Johannes Haag, Philipp Jungebluth and Paolo Macchiarini.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X10666151001115942

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Recent Strategies Combining Biomaterials and Stem Cells for Bone, Liver and Skin Regeneration

, 11(8): 676 - 691

Sabrina Morelli, Simona Salerno, Haysam Mohamed Magdy Ahmed, Antonella Piscioneri and Loredana De Bartolo.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X11666160201120004

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Personalized and Regenerative Medicine for Liver Diseases

, 11(8): 692 - 705

Shibashish Giri and Augustinus Bader.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X10666151026115128

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TO REVIEWERS

, 11(8): 706

.

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X1108161010210006

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Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy’s most viewed article on Academia

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy’s most viewed article on Academia

Amniotic Membrane Transplant for Articular Cartilage Repair: An Experimental Study in Sheep

Author(s): Diego Garcia, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Javier Vaquero, Francisco Forriol, Mattia Loppini, Wasim S. Khan and Vincenzo Denaro

Affiliation: University Campus Bio- Medico of Rome, Italy.

AbstractPurpose: The aim of the present study was to compare the potential for cartilage repair of fresh amniotic membrane (AM), cryopreserved AM and cryopreserved AM previously cultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in an in vivo sheep animal model. Methods: A full-thickness cartilage defect was surgically produced in 12 adult sheep, in the bearing region of the lateral femoral condyle. The animals were randomized into 4 groups (n=3): no treatment of the defect (G1); filling with fresh AM (G2); with cryopreserved AM previously cultivated with BM-MSCs (G3); with cryopreserved AM alone (G4). Postoperatively, the full load was possible. At two months, the animals were euthanized. The quality of the new synthesized tissue was evaluated with the macroscopic, by using International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) scale, and histological analyses, by using O’Driscoll scale. Results: The control samples showed an ICRS grade III (abnormal); while the samples of Groups 2, 3 and 4 reported a grade II (similar to healthy cartilage). The mean value of O’Driscoll scale in the control group (3.3) was significantly lower compared to the treatment groups (G2: 10.7; G3: 8; G4: 11.3) (P <0.05). No significant differences were found between the experimental groups. Conclusion: AM could be a suitable material for the management of articular cartilage defects. Stem cells within AM demonstrated to be able to differentiate in chondrocytes in vivo. Fresh AM, cryopreserved AM and cryopreserved AM previously cultivated with BM-MSCs showed similar regenerative properties.

Keywords: Amniotic membrane, cartilage repair, placenta, stem cell, tissue engineering.

Read the full article on Academia: http://bit.ly/1R5IqUV

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BSP Journal, Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 2212-3946 (Online)
ISSN: 1574-888X (Print)Volume 9, 6 Issues, 2014

Characterization of Stem-Like Cells Directly Isolated from Freshly Resected Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Specimens

Author(s): Ilknur Suer, Omer Faruk Karatas, Betul Yuceturk, Mehmet Yilmaz, Gulgun Guven, Buge Oz, Harun Cansiz and Mustafa Ozen

Affiliation: Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Department of Medical Genetics, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.

Abstract

Larynx cancer (LCa) is an aggressive malignancy, which is the second most common malignant neoplasm of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Its incidences have been reported to increase and therapeutic options mostly fail to give positive clinical response especially for the advanced LCa cases. In this study we aimed to isolate stem-like cells from freshly resected LCa tumor specimens and characterize them by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) for expression of cancer stem cell markers including SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, ABCG2, CXCR4 and CD44. Our results showed that CD133(high) cells directly isolated from freshly resected tumor specimens exhibit elevated levels of SOX2, OCT4 and KLF4, and have increased expression levels of ABCG2 and CXCR4, which were associated with resistance of tumors to regular chemotherapeutic reagents. In conclusion, this study offers a useful approach utilizing CD133 to isolate stem cells directly from fresh tissues, which gives the opportunity to develop novel therapeutic tools specifically targeting these cells through their further characterization.

Spleen Stroma Maintains Progenitors and Supports Long-Term Hematopoiesis

Author(s): Helen C. O’Neill, Kristin L. Griffiths, Pravin Periasamy, Rebecca A. Hinton, Sawang Petvises, Ying-ying Hey and Jonathan K.H. Tan

Affiliation: Stem Cell & Immunology Lab, Research School of Biology, Bldg. 134, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.

Abstract

Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) differentiate in the context of stromal niches producing cells of multiple lineages. Limited success has been achieved in the past with induction of hematopoiesis in vitro. Previously, spleen long-term stromal cultures (LTC) were shown to continuously support restricted hematopoiesis for production of novel dendritic-like cells (LTC-DC). An in vivo equivalent dendritic cell type was then described which is specific for spleen. The in vivo counterpart cell was termed ‘L-DC’ and represents a dendritic-like CD11c^loCD11b^hiCD8α-MHC-II- cell which differs phenotypically and functionally from monocytes/macrophages and conventional and plasmacytoid DC. Splenic stroma is now shown to maintain HSPC and to support their restricted in vitro differentiation to give this ‘L-DC’ subset. In order to characterise progenitors of this distinct cell type, LTC were analysed for cell subsets produced, and these subsets sorted and assessed for hematopoietic potential in subsequent co-cultures over STX3 stroma. Progenitors were defined as a lineage (Lin)^–ckit^lo subset reflecting HSPC. Furthermore, when Lin^–ckit^hiSca1⁺Flt3^– HSPC were sorted from bone marrow, they colonised splenic stroma with long-term production of L-DC. The maintenance of HSPC by splenic stroma was confirmed when non-adherent cells collected from LTC showed oligopotent reconstitution of the hematopoietic compartment of lethally irradiated mice. All data support a model whereby spleen houses a niche for HSPC in the resting state, with production of progenitors, and their differentiation to give tissue-specific antigen presenting cells.

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Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy – Most Cited Articles

Article: “Autologous mesenchymal stem cell therapy in progressive multiple sclerosis: an open label study”

Autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation is a promising method proposed as a therapy for MS. Although the safety of these cells has been confirmed in hematological, cardiac and inflammatory diseases, its efficacy in MS treatment is still under study.

Read more about this study here: http://bit.ly/1esI7F8

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Recent issue of the Journal Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy has been published

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 10 Issue 1

Aims & Scope

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy publishes high quality frontier reviews, drug clinical trial studies and guest edited issues on all aspects of basic research on stem cells and their uses in clinical therapy. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians involved in stem cells research

http://www.eurekaselect.com/126318/issue/1

Abstracted & Indexed in:

Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, Index to Scientific Reviews®, Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch®), BIOSIS Previews, BIOSIS Reviews Reports and Meetings, Chemical Abstracts, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, PubsHub., Genamics JournalSeek, MediaFinder®-Standard Periodical Directory, and J-Gate.

For more details please visit: http://benthamscience.com/journal/index.php?journalID=cscrt

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High Impact Factor Journal:::Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapypublishes high quality frontier reviews, drug clinical trial studies and guest edited issues on all aspects of basic research on stem cells and their uses in clinical therapy. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians involved in stem cells research.

Abstracted & Indexed in:

Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch®), Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, Index to Scientific Reviews®, BIOSIS Previews, BIOSIS Reviews Reports and Meetings, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Chemical Abstracts, ProQuest, PubsHub, Genamics JournalSeek, MediaFinder®-Standard Periodical Directory and J-Gate.

Editor-in-Chief:
Anthony Atala
Wake Forest University School of Medicine,
Medical Center Boulevard
Winston Salem, NC 27157
USA

http://benthamscience.com/journal/index.php?journalID=cscrt

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